Task 4- Analogue to digital editing

What is analogue film and editing?
Analogue editing is the cutting together of pieces of celluloid film, traditionally films are made up of images printed on acetate negatives.
These are then "spliced" together to form a reel of film which is then fed through a projector at a constant speed of 24 frames a second which makes the pictures appear to be moving, this is known as analogue.
A device called the Moviola was invented in 1924 by Iwan Serrurier, it was the first device that allowed people who wanted to edit their work to view it while they made changes to it, it was the very first machine used for feature length motion picture.

What is video editing?
Before digital technologies became available magnetic tapes were used to store information- these are known as video tapes, video editing is the process of editing segments of these tapes using a device that mechanically puts pieces of video tape together.

What is linear editing?
The film has to be edited in the correct order, this is known as linear editing.

How does digital editing work?
Digital media is a form of electric media where data are stored in a digital form, digital editing is the use of computers to order and manipulate this digital data.
There are many different editing programs such as Adobe Premier pro, Avid, Final cut pro, Digital film making uses bits and bytes to record transmit and reply images instead of chemicals on film so the whole process of it is electronic so there will be no printing or "splicing" involved within it, Digital editing soon over took video editing as it is much quicker and therefore it becomes cheaper, also the biggest pro of digital editing is that you can edit it digitally in any order that you want to.

What is non-linear editing?
Non-linear editing is to just simply edit the film in any order.
You are able to edit a sequence from the end of the film before you have started editing the first scene, the process uses electronic files so it makes it easy to do.

What are the pros and cons of analogue and digital editing?
Analogue editing
Pros

• Makes you work harder
• you are more careful with the work

Cons

• The tape is bulky
• it is all manual work
• if the work is messed up you will be unable to fix it

Digital editing

Pros

• It is cheaper to do
• You are able to do major manipulation to the film

Cons

• it is more complex for some users
• you my get technical difficulties e.g. power goes out
• you may not think it through carefully and make loads of mistakes

Task 3- Developing Editing Techniques

Developing Editing Techniques

In camera editing is where you record something and when you want to change your camera angle you have to pause your video and when you get to the angle you want you have to then start to record again

With in camera editing we had created a table of pros and cons, first I will talk about the pros of in camera editing first. In camera editing you can save time when it comes down to editing out work that you don't wan to do so it is more time efficient then having to edit all of the time, because you have to do everything in the order that you want to view it in you have to more precise on the ideas that you have, you also take more time on planning it and are more considerate on it. Some of the cons that we had talked about was that you was unable to communicate with the people that you are working with, you also have to try and start the camera at the right time so that it doesn't look as if your actors are standing still and also if the person who is handling the camera does not know how to handle the camera then you would have a piece of film that isn't at the best quality as it could be showing the camera been moved when you look back at it.

The different shots that I think that we used was close up's, mid shots, long shots, and wide shots. The parts that I think that we had success in was the acting and the stage directions because i think that it was done reasonably well.

I think that we could have improved the timing where people started and stopped acting could have been done better and i could have also improved on the camera work.

I  think that i have improved on my film making skills because I think that I have more experience with working with the camera.

Finally i think that film makers moved on from having to edit things in the camera because they was no way that they could communicate with their actors so if they messed up then they would have to re shoot the whole scene, whereas now if they mess up one part then they can just edit it to correct the mistake that was made.

Task 2- In camera editing

In this clip it shows our attempt at doing a film while trying to edit it all through the camera.

Task 1- Editing In Early Cinema

Development In Editing

The first person that i will be talking is Thomas Edison, he ran a film laboratory where he invented the kinegraphic camera and also the kinescope. he had also developed the 35 mm film strip that had came into the industry as standard, he had also eventually developed the projector to play it.

The second set of people that i will be talking about is the Lumiere brothers, Thomas Edison was working with the Lumiere brothers and had produced short films with them that were on long, static, locked-down shot. The motion in the shot was all that was needed o amuse an audience, so all of the first films were just simply showing all of the activity such as the traffic moving on a city street.

The third person is G.A. Smith, initially there was no story and no editing to the films so each film ran as long as there was a film inside of the camera. One example of this is the film The miller and the sweep, Also in 1899 G.A. Smith made The kiss in the tunnel, this film was to have been said to mark the beginnings of narrative editing. Smith "felt that some extra spice was called for" in the the popular Phantom ride genre, he had took advantage of the brief onset of the darkness as they went into tunnel to splice cut and stick two pieces of film together.

The fourth person is George Melies, he was a magician who had seen the films mad by the Limiere brothers. He saw the possibilities of a novelty more than just motion it's self, it was rumoured that he discovered the art of stop motion purely by accident when a camera that he was using had broken for a brief second which was how he got the popularity of the vanishing woman, he never really changed what he did so people lost interest. Because of this he was forced out of the commercial industry and he died in 1913 of poverty, some of the elements of his life were depicted and was placed into the recent film Hugo.

The fifth set of people are Porter and Ediso, Edwin S Porter was working as an electrician before he had joined the film laborttory of Thomas Alva Edison in the late 1890's. He and Edison had worked together and had made longer and more interesting films, Porter had made the break through with the film the life of an american fireman in 1903. The film was among some of the first films to have a plot, action and a close up of a hand pulling a fire alarm, Porter had discovered some important aspects of motion picture language, it was that the screen image does not need to show a complete person from the head to toe. Porter's ground breaking film, The Great Train Robbery, 1903, is a great example of the resemblance  of the types of films that we are able to see today.

The sixth person that I will be talking about is someone called Charles Pathe. Charles Pathe was the director of the famous film The Horse That Bolted which was made in 1907. He was one  of the first people that had introduced a technique that was known as parallel editing, this was shown by cutting between the delivery man and the horse that was waiting for him.

The last person that I will be talking about is D.W. Griffiths, he was a U.S. film director and one of the very first people who had supported the idea of editing a piece of film. He had made good use of the cross cutting to show the parallel action in different locations, Griffiths was one of the first of early directors and one of his most controversial film and possibly one of his best remembered was the film, The Birth Of A Nation which was made in 1915